hybrid battery damage

The Prius will try to protect the HV battery when the ICE fails to start. After 3 failed start attempts (if I recall correctly), P0A0F - engine failure to start will set and prevent MG1 from cranking the engine.
This can be overridden by clearing the DTC. Often, P0A0F will be cleared in order to diagnose the ICE stall/no start condition.
When doing this, the technician must pay close attention to the HV battery state of charge (SOC). Each start attempt uses up approx 1% SOC. Below approx 20%, the system will no longer crank the engine.
ICE no start diagnostic strategy must be well planned to minimize using up the HV battery charge.
If the vehicle was driven with the ICE not running, the remaining SOC may have been low to begin with, leaving precious few start attempt to diagnose the ICE.
Whether or not this can cause a P0A80 is beyond my experience.

 

I was not very active on Prius Chat from 2004-2009, having said that, I do not recall cases of a Gen2 batt dying in a new car in 6 months, Nor a replacement batt. And running out of fuel was a fairly common thing to happen, which we always knew was not good for the battery, but I don't recall killing any new batteries. It could be the OP incident was a severe case, but rare as far as I know.

As far as warranty, Toyota warranty policy could be somewhat dependent on local laws and practices. But you could read warranty and maintenance guideline for any statement that running out of fuel voids the warranty. If its not in there, then there is some legal basis for dispute. USA warranty guidleines has US dispute policy steps (not sure if that applies to parts but the relevant phone numbers give you a place to start calling Toyota).

 

How soon we forget.

When a Gen2 is run out of gas it can go a very short distance on the traction battery then it will shut itself off. The driver can restart the car and coax it a little further on the traction battery before the car shuts itself off. The driver may be able to get one or two more repeat performances. The result will be a very discharged traction battery that will need Toyota's charger to bring it back to life (maybe).

If this is what happened then it is not a manufacturing defect, it is abuse.

The Gen3 is programmed to shut down and stay shut down until enough fuel is added for it to realize fuel has been added preventing the driver from damaging the traction battery by insisting the car run on only the pack.

Corporate Toyota doesn't want to hear from any of us. That's why they set up companies in various countries around the world. Here's the website for "Toyota Israel" but I have no idea if it will be helpful.

טויוטה ישראל - TOYOTA Israel