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Lithium battery charge level for optimum longevity

Discussion in 'Gen 4 Prius Technical Discussion' started by alexgrigori, Mar 3, 2017.

  1. alexgrigori

    alexgrigori Active Member

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    At the end of the day, before overnight parking what battery charge level would best sustain the battery longevity: close to half charge or close to full charge?
    Note that we could control battery charge level by forcing "EV Mode".
     
    #1 alexgrigori, Mar 3, 2017
    Last edited: Mar 3, 2017
  2. Sam Spade

    Sam Spade Senior Member

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    I believe that this has been discussed extensively on here......in various forms.
    First, the system design won't let the charge go to 100% nor 0%.
    Within the range that IS usable, it probably doesn't make much difference.
     
  3. alanclarkeau

    alanclarkeau Senior Member

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    The battery will never charge to anywhere near 100% - your gauge might show full bars, but TOYOTA has engineered it to work between much lesser limits than either 0 or 100. Someone did post it a while back if you search for it - I vaguely remember it was limited to something like 80% maximum charge. And they won't discharge below about 20-25%.

    Because it's carefully limited, the level of battery charge when left overnight seems not to be critical - it's sorted out better by the computer than I could possibly do it.
     
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  4. alexgrigori

    alexgrigori Active Member

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    Hi Sam,
    Appreciate your input.
    Basically the question is what charge level is beneficial for short and/or long storage.
    However, historically all the discussions were about NiMh batteries.
    Now, some of us have Lithium Ion batteries, and so am I.

    Back to the topic points:
    1. I do have control on the battery level before parking within about 50-80% level.
    2. The car could be stored for overnight for a day-to-day operation. Or for a longer time - vacation, business trip, etc.
    3. Environmental condition, mostly temperature, may/should influence optimum storage charge level.
    3. It should be a difference in long term performance based on storage duration and charge level.
    4. This difference may be very small but measurable to be taken in to consideration - IMHO.

    Thanks,
    alex
     
  5. wjtracy

    wjtracy Senior Member

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    For a new Gen4 Li batt I'd be clueless.

    For a aged Gen2 NiMH, I feel safer keeping some decent charge 50% into the blue lines before parking. Last week we were in the mountains trying to ski, and I noticed 2 bar Purple at the hotel after a climb. I forced charged to get a few more lines before parking overnight. Topped off full charge Green is also not too good on hot days for parking, with Gen2.
     
    #5 wjtracy, Mar 3, 2017
    Last edited: Mar 3, 2017
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  6. Sam Spade

    Sam Spade Senior Member

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    And I am telling you that "charge level" during periods of non-use is even LESS important that it was with NiMh.
    What exactly do you think can be measured ? The impact on battery life ??
    If there is a difference, within the normal operating range of storage charge, it is not SIGNIFICANT even if it is somehow "measurable".

    IMHO, this is another case of OCD.
     
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  7. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    without knowing the specific chemistry, is it just a wag?
     
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  8. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    Time travel. We should know in 20 years and somebody will respond to this old thread. :cry:
     
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  9. alexgrigori

    alexgrigori Active Member

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    Thanks all for contribution.
    Known facts to consider:
    1. We all know that operational battery capacity is a fraction of an overall one to prolong battery cells life. If I am not mistaken, Lithium battery operates in 20-80% range. And MeH is in about 30-70%.
    2. So 8 bars on Pruis computer screen is not 100% capacity but about 80% or less. OTOH, medium charge or 4 bars will be equivalent to actual medium capacity.
    3. Car battery is chemical source of electric energy and reversible chemical reactions in cells are sensitive to many factors including marginal and average charge levels.
    4. During life of the car battery capacity will deteriorate. The warranty time is 8 years for most places and over this time battery capacity should not drop more then ~ 50%.
    5. Most cars spend most time on a parking lots. For instance my average driving duration is between 2-3 hours per day, say 90% of its time the battery is off. So for the course of 10 years of exploitation 9 years will be in "sleeping" mode. So how we treat battery in off mode will(may?) determine battery degradation rate.
    6. We do not have an exact specifications of car battery cells, but in association with phone and laptop Lithium batteries we know that overcharge is not advisable for sustainable capacity.

    Your comments are welcome!
    P.S. There is an MPG aspect of battery charging level which is out of a scope of this discussion.
     
  10. El Dobro

    El Dobro A Member

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    Sparkie the Volt has over 371,000 miles on it, with over 129,000 in EV. The owner says he hasn't seen any appreciable degradation on the battery at all.
     
  11. kithmo

    kithmo Couch Potato

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    Confusing info, but on some Li-Ion power tools and such it's recommended that you charge the battery fully after use to store it and charge it again before the next use. When I looked into Li-Ion laptop batteries some years back, when the technology was newish, the general consensus was that Li-Ion batteries are best stored at around 50% charge.
    Just my opinion, not based on any recent factual evidence, but as Li-Ion tend to hold charge better than Ni-Mh (and Ni-Cad), I would think it makes less difference what the actual state of charge was whilst resting for a few hours (or days even) as long as it's not completely flat, which the Prius can't be normally.
     
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  12. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    the recommendation in my pip manual for loger term storage is to drive until the wall charge is gone, and you are in the hv charge area.
    i read in usa today, the worst thing you can do to your cell phone battery is let it go down below 20% charge on a regular basis.
    nimh batteries seem to suffer from a hot soak, all day long, in war climates. is this true of lithium?
    my ryobi lithium battery chargers keep them topped up while not in use. there is a temp sensor that prohibits charging above and below certain temps.
     
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  13. RCO

    RCO Senior Member

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    I suspect the Prius tech is even smarter than your power tools.
     
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  14. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    It seems like some drivers like to play the game "Are you Smarter Than a Prius?"
     
  15. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    aren't we?(n)
     
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  16. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    The really smart ones just drive the Prius normally and let it handle the details.
    Some people seem to try to avoid having the engine turn on because they think they are smarter.
     
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  17. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    i would drive mine normally, if i knew what normal was.(n)
     
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  18. RCO

    RCO Senior Member

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    Normal is 'what everybody else does.' at least, that's how it seems to me....:unsure:
     
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  19. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    I guess you are not normal, then. :eek:
     
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  20. jerrymildred

    jerrymildred Senior Member

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    While we're talking about normalcy, let's not be tempted to confuse "normal" with "typical." :D

    As for me, I go with the manual and try to park with the EV portion used up or nearly so and use the timer to charge it as close to anticipated departure time as I can. But my DeWalt 1/2" hammer drill batteries really don't seem to care. They are about four years old and will still rip your arm off if you don't watch out. (y)