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If we used Lithium Battery instead of 12volt Lead-Acid one ?

Discussion in 'Gen 3 Prius Care, Maintenance & Troubleshooting' started by iskoos, Apr 3, 2022.

  1. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    Hi there,

    There are some options. I see them online and even some members used and posted here. But not much follow up after that. I know we will see more and more options in the future and maybe many lead-acid batteries will be replaced with lithium ones.

    Now my real questions is that if we buy and install an aftermarket Lithium battery in place of a 12volt lead-acid battery, how would the Pirus' charging system handle this?

    Lead-Acid and Lithium cells have different charging algorithm.
    Would it be a problem to use a lithium pack instead of 12volt lead-acid battery?
     
  2. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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    If there was a problem I would have come back and posted, but been happy until now. Planning on bumping my thread at year 4....

    REVVL V+ 5G ?
     
    #2 jzchen, Apr 3, 2022
    Last edited: Apr 3, 2022
  3. PriusCamper

    PriusCamper Senior Member

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    Only thing that's different between a standard 12v and a lithium 12v is that the Lithium one requires some relatively inexpensive battery management electronics to make sure it doesn't operate outside of safe parameters.
     
  4. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    So you guys saying that there should be no problem as far as the charging aspect.
     
  5. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    Could you guys share the one you currently using?

    Thanks
     
  6. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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    I got mine from a seller on eBay. I found my old email confirmation but when I clicked on the item it wasn't exactly what I got. The one I have has a battery backup which you press the button and can start the car if you accidentally drain the main one. A lot of what they sell now doesn't have the backup. (And to be honest I've never had to use it). So anyways I searched and this is the cheapest one now (with backup):

    46B24R 12V 20Ah 40Ah 46Ah Smart BMS Control Lithium Phosphate Battery LiFePO4 | eBay

    It seems the backup version includes the 20Ah as the main battery. You could probably get away with just that. (Back in mid to late 2018 I paid $361 or somewhere around that)...

    REVVL V+ 5G ?
     
  7. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    Thank you for the information jzchen. I checked the ebay sellers page and he listed plenty of information (though some may seem a bit inconsistent, but the info is there.
    I tried to understand how they constructed the pack. They must have used 4 groups of parallel (depending on the capacity) LiFePO4 cell block in series. Nominal voltage of a single LiFePO4 is listed as 3.2volts. 4 in series makes 12.8volts. Some websites say when fully charged they peaked at around 3.6volts per cell. So around 14.4volts fully charged. Pretty close to the values of 6-cell lead-acid battery. Definitely a promising alternative to heavy lead-acid ones.

    And the BMS was kind of the answer to my question. It seems these battery modules have their internal charge circuitry. They manage their own charge. Vehicle provides a constant voltage, and the rest is done by the battery; just like cell phones.

    It is really cool with the backup and voltage indicator; plus, very light (with doubling the CCA and capacity).
    I just bought a 12volt lead-acid after-market battery made for Prius from Autozone. The ongoing price is $210 currently. This LiFePO4 will need another $150. I am not sure if I go this route yet as I don't know how long I will keep my car, but it is good to know that they exist and I will seriously consider one for my next Prius most likely. But if someone is going for Optima yellow top or OEM battery, then they should seriously think about Lithium option. The price difference will be miniscule.

    One other important question is that how long they would last. It is said that Lead-Acid batteries last about 4 years average. My experience is that they last lot longer depending on how they are cared. I generally get 7 to 8 years from each of my batteries, and I am in Florida :)
    If the Lithium ones don't go past 6-year mark at least, then I would be disappointed. But we will figure it out soon since they have been in the market for several years already.

    Last question, did you have to shave the posts? It seems the posts are standard size and Prius uses smaller than normal as we know.
    I hope they thought about it. Reducing the size of those posts is not fun. Been there done that.
     
    jzchen likes this.
  8. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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    Well, I still have 2 years and some months to go to reach 6 years, but it does look promising so far. (I bought the warranty that eBay sells and it went to waste. Back then they came with 1 yr warranties and the eBay one was for 2)....

    Actually the battery came with JIS terminals and a pair of copper rings to convert to SAE if needed. You can verify/confirm with the seller prior to purchase both the size of the terminals and position of + and -. (I did for both and was pleasantly surprised that adapters were included). I definitely did not want to deal with the wrong size terminals or POS and NEG being on the wrong side, especially at that price point.

    Mine did come with "edges" aka bottom mount lips that gave me trouble with installation. As it is mine does not sit flat because of them. I did make the seller aware and some appear to offer the option to have it with or without bottom mount "edges". I actually said "edges" in my discussion/messaging to them, so that is where they got it from. The seller I dealt with didn't have a very strong English proficiency and having dealt with Chinese a lot of my life I tried to make my wording as easy to understand as possible. I would suspect sellers based in Hong Kong or Taiwan to have better English vs the Chinese mainland ones.

    The batteries are shipped fully charged, and I recall the instructions say to use the onboard V meter to verify it has "arount 13.2 V". (Yes, around is spelled with a "t". I vaguely remember it was 13.3 V but don't quote me on that).

    The instructions say the charging input should be 13 V - 15 V, and this coincides exactly with Toyota service specification when checking the "charging system".

    Yes, my back was forever grateful with the lightness.

    REVVL V+ 5G ?
     
  9. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    Thank you again. It is unbelievable that these things were available 4 years ago and I just found out about them.

    The link you posted above offers the two different models with or without the edges as you mentioned. I like it with the edges better since it sits better but it looks like ones with the edges won't fit in the Prius battery tray
    If I decide to buy one I will keep this in mind. I am already very conscious about the terminal orientation.
     
  10. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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    Braille Battery in FL was my first exposure to the Lithium batteries. They are horribly expensive in comparison. There is another company that is priced somewhat in the middle but has less sizes available. I forgot the name (because of the size limit) but they have a remote to enable the backup pack. (There is a 100-20 (BCI Group 49, H8) Chinese one that has this as well now. Also one seller offers to fill the typically 100Ah with 120Ah worth of cells instead). Since I never used the backup I was thinking of going for that instead. If you look carefully there is "Best Offer" you can ask for a little discount....

    REVVL V+ 5G ?
     
  11. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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  12. johnHRP

    johnHRP Active Member

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    Lead Acid battery is the most environmental friendly battery with 99% recycled materials. It last much longer than any Lithium battery under normal usage in cars with extreeme heat in summer and cold winter.
    Li battery fits well for something that you kept it from extreeme heat and cold like power tools or laptop. It is just dumb using 12V Lithium battery in car. Even Tesla do not use them. Because Tesla maker is not that stupid.
    Li battery is practically not recyclable besides the plastic and small portion of the cathode. The anode is just carbon. The Li and electrolyte becomes total waste
     
  13. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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  14. johnHRP

    johnHRP Active Member

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    I talked about real recyclability. Not campaign and gimmick of the government. Lithium-ion battery recycling is not that profitable and often it is greener by reuse the battery for something else like as battery bank for electric grids. The recylability is not more than 50% of the whole Lithium battery. Many states of the electrolyte and Li-salt separation will cost more than the products.
    I am not sure if some of us have time and get a salary from Battery RnD research.
    Any Li battery is never better than a comparable Lead-Acid battery from Walmart for cars in terms of performance, durability, and value.
    Not everything with Li battery is beneficial. Some of us are ignorance but we learn together. Pb-acid battery is not replaceable by any kind of battery for cars. It is just the best and cheap too.

    You may need Li battery for deep charge applications like boat, but not for cars that we always top it off all the time. Li battery degrades really fast in fully charge states all the time. That's why my Laptop battery can last 5-8 years and still 90% capacity by limiting the charging state from BIOS or software up to 50-60% only. If you do not do that, most Laptop battery degrades to less than 50% capacity within 1 or 2 years of continuous usage. Macbook design such way that it stops at less than 80% real capacity.
     
    #14 johnHRP, Apr 8, 2022
    Last edited: Apr 8, 2022
  15. jzchen

    jzchen Newbie!

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    Pretty sure Pb is more toxic to humans than Li. Still waiting to see if my Li 12 V fails early like you claim...

    REVVL V+ 5G ?
     
  16. johnHRP

    johnHRP Active Member

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    Everything is toxic in any battery. In facts Lead acid battery with 99% recyclable materials, it is way more environmental friendly, excellent network chain in recycling even in 3rd world country. Not many has funding to loose money on recycling Li battery. Recycling business is often more about environmental reason, not profitable. Lead acid battery is both environmentally good and profitable.
    We need to get enough physics or chemistry knowledge to accept the reality.
     
  17. iskoos

    iskoos Active Member

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    Some interesting facts. Thank you for contributing John.
     
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  18. johnHRP

    johnHRP Active Member

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    Honestly, I got paid from Li battery research and I know exactly what our biggest problem in Li battery. It is indeed really good with high capacity, but much harder to recycle compared to NiMh, and far worse than Lead acid.

    Prius used LaNi6 electrode in its NiMh, Lanthanum is pretty abundant although it is part of rare earth family.
    It makes the battery very reliable and still profitable for recycling unlike Li battery.

    The main problem is Co that now getting so expensive because we get 70% supply Cobalt from warzone Congo. Without Cobalt the cathode is not as good as with Cobalt. We are now trying to make Cobalt free battery by increasing Ni contents but honestly, it is still worse in performance and long term stability.
    Back to car Battery, just stay with Lead Acid battery. We also do not need expensive AGM for engine bay installed battery. AGM is meant for inside cabin for passanger safety in case of accident, nothing more than that.
    4th gen Prius, corolla hybrid 1.8 do not need AGM but 2.0L Corolla need AGM because it is installed in the trunk like 3rd gen.