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broke down with a P3190

Discussion in 'Gen 3 Prius Technical Discussion' started by Eddie25, May 5, 2023.

  1. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    I broke down today. Was driving along at about 50mpg when engine died and I lost all throttle control. I was able to limp (not totally positive if I was limping or coasting), presumably on the Hybrid battery, for a half mile where I finally just stopped and the car wouldn't move after that. Pulled a P3190, got a tow home.

    When the code is set I can't even start the car into ready mode, but if I clear the code then start it, it will start and run fine for a very consistent 12 seconds until the engine cuts out and the CEL and triangle come on. It's not like shaking or struggling or anything it just completely dies.

    I've checked the MAF which seemed super clean, I cleaned the MAP with electrical contact cleaner, as well as visual check on the throttle body and any hoses in the area. I also did the Throttle Body inspection from the service manual that has you read resistance between pin 1 and 2 and got 1.4ohms (spec is .3 to 100 ohms).

    Currently all the throttle position data stays static when pressing the gas which makes sense since I'm not getting any throttle movement, but I am able to get throttle position data if I manually mess with the throttle butterfly valve. The thing is, I'm getting no movement whatsoever from REQUIRE POSITION OF THROTTLE or POSITION COMMAND OF THROTTLE whether the car is running or not. I assume those are related to pedal movement. Does that immediately make either the accelerator position sensor or the ECM the two main suspects? Does anyone know how the accelerator position sensor works, can I test it easily?

    If anyone with an OBD2 scanner could see if they are able to get movement on any of those two data points (the capitalized ones) or the throttle position data points, using the acceleration pedal and with the car in accessory mode especially, that would be super helpful I think.

    Any other insight appreciated.
     
  2. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    I found accelerator pedal position #1 and #2 data under hydrid control ECU and those do show change upon pressing the pedal so I guess the sensor works. I'm still wondering if I should be getting that throttle command data mentioned under Engine and ECT.
     
  3. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Now it starts after I clear the codes, but immediately dies and the throttle body is whining and it looks like maybe it's trying to move the butterfly valve. Any way to prove to myself that the throttle body is unable to control the valve? Does a throttle body ever whine?
     
  4. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    don't keep trying to start it:

    watch
     
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  5. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    P3190 just means the engine won't run. (Specifically, it means the engine produces no more than a fifth of the power expected; the ECM needs some kind of quantitative trigger for the code, but "a fifth of the power expected" is pretty safely translated as "doesn't run".)

    Everybody makes the mistake once of thinking a Prius engine has started and run for 12 seconds and died, when it's really just being cranked and not starting, because that's how a Prius engine sounds when it cranks. Naturally, it can sound quite smooth, not shaking or struggling or anything, since it is just being twirled by an electric motor and not doing much else.

    You're thinking the car is less drive-by-wire than it is. The PIDs you're looking at are in the engine control module. The go pedal isn't even connected to the ECM. :) The pedal is an input to the power management control ECU (the orchestra conductor for the car, basically). It's not much more than a game controller input telling the power management control ECU how much go you want. That ECU decides how much to give you electrically and how much to get from the engine, and it sends REQUESTED ENGINE TORQUE to the ECM (you should notice that PID is shown in kilowatts; the label should really be POWER, not TORQUE). When the ECM gets that request to produce a certain amount of power, it then calculates what throttle position to require.

    When the ECUs have given up on starting the engine, the power management control ECU hasn't got much reason to send a REQUESTED ENGINE TORQUE POWER to the ECM, and the ECM hasn't got much reason to calculate a required throttle position.

    With a P3190, don't go overboard early trying to focus on one possible cause you have thought of. P3190 just means the engine isn't performing well (or running at all!), and the reasons for that are as many as they've always been for gasoline engines. The main thing is to try to figure out quickly whether you've got a fuel mixture, spark, or compression problem, and once you know which of those three branches you're on, narrow it down from there.

    One thing to keep in mind with a Prius, though, is to try to do the diagnosis without making a lot of repeated start attempts. Each "twirl for 12 seconds and give up" saps about 1% from the traction battery, and there comes a time when you can't make any more attempts, and that's a headache.
     
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  6. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Well I think I'm at that headache. HV battery is depleted. I do have a charger, I just don't have a way to control the fan. I believe I will be pulling the HV and (if all goes well) charging it in the house with a box fan before I can continue.

    I appreciate the info, I'll be back with more questions when I can move on.
     
  7. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Since I depleted the HV battery should I be doing a full balance charge cycle?

    If not, then do I need a fan going just to get it up to working voltage, or can I do it in car with no fan?
     
  8. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    Not sure. If we figure the new battery spec is 6.5 amp hour, and one starting attempt is supposedly 1% or so, that's about four amp minutes. You'd probably want to put at least several starting attempts back into it. An amp for half an hour might give you half a dozen attempts. Or half an amp for an hour. Or a quarter amp for two hours.

    There's probably a level of charge current that you could dare without worrying too much about the cooling, at least for a limited time. Somebody who does that stuff more than I do might have more specific ideas.
     
  9. JC91006

    JC91006 Senior Member

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    When was the last time you put gas in your car? As the car ages, there could be a possibility the fuel meter reading is faulty.
     
  10. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Got er charged a few hours last night and it's up to 60%.

    Is there a clever way to test for fuel issues? Can I spray some starter fluid somewhere while it's trying to crank?
     
  11. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    All the time. It is positioned by sending a pulse-width-modulated voltage to its motor, and the PWM frequency is in the human hearing range.

    There are surprising numbers of posts here where people hear the throttle body whine and mistakenly think it's coming from somewhere else. (There's coolant piped through the throttle body, and water's a great sound conductor, and the cooling system goes a lot of places in the engine bay.) Good job identifying the source. :)

    Just didn't see this question back when you posted it.

    That's a time-honored diagnostic approach. I've so far never had to do it on a Prius, so I've not really thought out where exactly I'd spray it or how much, but maybe someone will chime in who's done it more.
     
    #11 ChapmanF, May 6, 2023
    Last edited: May 6, 2023
  12. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    I'm over a quarter tank, but I put a gallon in just in case. I'm also not that close to typical tank mileage.

    I did however spray starter fluid into the throttle body and it absolutely makes it run longer, so that has me leaning pretty far in the fuel direction.

    I'm able to make the fuel pump run/make noise with the scan tool.

    Is it possible that I could pull the pump and see if it shoots fuel into a bucket when I command it with the tool?
     
  13. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    I can't believe I didn't notice this earlier, but my 12v battery is only at 11.5 in acc mode and 12.5 when the car is on or it's on a charger. It seems odd to me since the whole fuel thing above and since the car successfully tries to start every time, but I know a bad 12v can cause weird random issues. It's a 4 year old battery, I've had it maintaining most the time I've been diagnosing at 10A but sometimes only 2A. I can't tell you what it was at when the car broke down since I wasn't paying attention to that unfortunately . I hope that's it, but I'm not totally convinced. I'll give it a nice charge today and go from there.

    Would still take any advice on fuel pump testing.
     
  14. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    hard to determine if the 12v is bad without a full charge and a load test
     
  15. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    There seem to be a bunch of people who say they "know" that. I'm not one of them, though.

    Certain issues? Sure. Magic explanation of any weird random one? According to some.

    You can touch a fuel injector with a mechanics' stethoscope and touch its terminals with a 9 volt battery, while the fuel rail is supposedly pressurized, and see if you hear a click and a squirt at each one. That way you're checking both the pump and the injectors quickly, and can drill down depending on what you find.

    Another approach is to use some wire to tie the injectors up to the fuel rail and lift the rail with the injectors away from the engine. You can put a clear hose in front of an injector (to direct any squirt in a safe direction) and see if it squirts.
     
  16. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Fully charged the 12V and it started right up and runs fine.

    I'm a little flustered that this took me off the road with no warning. I wonder if I should be concerned about a charging issue or whatnot? I did have the negative battery cable off recently when I replaced a rear caliper, but that was weeks ago and I always take care to get my connections solid, so I don't think it was a connection issue. I'm constantly seeing my battery voltage with hybrid assistant so it feels like it came out of nowhere. Aren't there low voltage codes that I should have been getting?

    Is it possible the low voltage caused the fuel pump not to work when the battery was under load? I guess the starter fluid thing was probably a red herring.

    I'm going to skeptically call it the battery for now. It's either that, or it fixed itself and I drained the battery while testing. I wish I could drive around on it a bit to get more data, but with the way it failed I really don't want to have to get another tow. I can get a Napa battery by Mon for 245+tax. Really need my car by tues. It was a Deka 9A51P btw.
     
  17. bisco

    bisco cookie crumbler

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    Once the car is ready, the inverter charges the battery and runs everything.
    You need to monitor the voltage both in ready and off.
    Track it daily until you’re satisfied
     
  18. ChapmanF

    ChapmanF Senior Member

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    When you push the button with foot on brake to go READY, connecting the traction battery and supplying the 12 volt system from the DC/DC converter is the first thing that happens, followed by trying to run the fuel pump, start the engine, etc.

    So the fuel pump should already be seeing the converter output voltage, not the battery voltage, by the time its services are needed. Maybe it would be worth looking at what the 12 volt system reads, after the start button has been pushed and the main relays have clicked, and just before the engine cranks.

    I'm not sure at this point I could say which herring is which color yet.
     
  19. JC91006

    JC91006 Senior Member

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    with the car in Ready mode, if the car is charging properly, 12v should read about 14v. If it's not reading around that range, it would mean the car is not charging the 12v battery and something is wrong.
     
  20. Eddie25

    Eddie25 Active Member

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    Yeah I guess that's where I'm at. I took my first real drive since charging the AUX battery and everything seems normal. Cycled between 14.5 and 13.7 while driving. In ACC mode it'll sit at 12.3 (is that telling me anything?). Then when I turn on READY mode it goes to 14.2, then rises quick and steady to 14.5 and the engine starts. After being parked for a bit it'll be 12.65

    There's a good chance I just ran it down while trying to diagnose. I can't believe I wasn't keeping an eye on it early on.

    I appreciate the wealth of knowledge in your posts, I learn a ton.