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Discharged 12V Battery

Discussion in 'Gen 2 Prius Care, Maintenance and Troubleshooting' started by mr88cet, Dec 20, 2017.

  1. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    Short version: Any experience(s) with “jump-starting,” or charging, a Gen-2 with a discharged 12V battery? I haven’t started researching this question in the owner’s manual yet, but I will shortly.

    Longer version:

    Since we got our Prius Prime in mid-May, I haven’t driven our 2009, and in fact I de-insured it waiting for my wife to get her Learner’s Permit. She’ll be beginning to learn driving with it in January.

    Anyway!

    Looks like I let the 12V battery discharge. I tried to keep starting it up once in a while, but got super-busy at work and... That battery has been replaced once since late 2008 when we bought it, so the battery itself probably hasn’t failed; just discharged.

    I don’t know the state of the traction battery. Fair chance it’s discharged too, but don’t know.

    I have a Prius Prime, which has a pretty-much-regular car battery, to jump-start (in some sense of the word!) from, and I also have an ordinary-lead-acid-battery charger (no idea whether that could be usable).

    I gather that the Gen-2’s 12V battery is somewhat like a flashlight, “dry cell” battery — very different from traditional car batteries, so iffy as to whether that charger could be useful.


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  2. dolj

    dolj Senior Member

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    I wouldn't attempt to jump start it if you have battery charger. Just check at what output amperage your battery charger charges. If it is above 4 Amps don't use it. If it is for a regular flooded lead acid battery it will be ok, but a more modern "smart" charger would be better. You'd be looking for one with these features:
    • multi stage charging cycle;
    • has an AGM setting;
    • max 4 Amp charging (not less than 2 A, otherwise it takes too long!);
    • auto fall back to trickle charge on completion of charge cycle.
    There are other nice to haves, but these are the basics.

    As far as the make up of the stock battery, it is still a lead/acid battery, only the way it is constructed is different, which gives it the superior features. Your analogy with a dry cell is not really very accurate.

    I wouldn't worry about the HV battery at this stage, unless it has a big self-discharge issue, it will be happy to sit for a long while. However, it would pay to get a voltage reading BEFORE allowing the ICE to run, as it will need to be GENTLY recharged to full, if it is below 40% SoC, otherwise you could irreparably damage it. The ICE can be rather aggressive, which is ok when operated in its normal 40% - 80% range. Sort out the 12 V first. Then for as long as the car sits idle, just leave it on trickle charge using your new smart charger indefinitely. This will ensure the 12 V battery will be maintained in a healthy state.
     
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  3. Mendel Leisk

    Mendel Leisk Senior Member

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    What charger do you have? Give it a try first (nothing really special about the Prius battery), but I suspect it's toast. How long's it been, lol.
     
  4. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    FWIW, that’s how the service advisor at the dealer described it when they changed it out … 3ish years ago.

    OK, great information, thanks! As I recall, the Prius design does include a more-or-less traditional starter motor, powered from the 12V battery, although it obviously doesn’t normally use it. So charging it up should conceptually be sufficient to restart the whole system.

    The traction battery normally charges the 12V battery, at least during normal operation, like the alternator on traditional car. I imagine it doesn’t when the hybrid system is turned off, but if it does, then presumably the traction battery is discharged too.


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  5. AquaJan

    AquaJan Junior Member

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    I've jumpstarted my 2007 a few times without any problems after leaving it in acc mode for too long. I used regular jump cables attached to the pos terminal in the front by the fuses and grounded to the body.
    If the car sits for long periods I'd definitely install a Battery Tender for around $25 to the ( 12 v) battery in the back. They come with a pigtail connector that stays on the battery and pokes into the cargo area. Just don't forget to unplug before you head out!
     
  6. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    The Prius "starter motor" (MG1) is not powered off the 12 Volt battery. It is powered off the traction battery. MG1 also takes some of the motor power to generate electricity to charge the traction battery.

    I assume you missed the word "not" in your posting?
     
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  7. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    So, it was a long time ago, but I recall reading in the owner’s manual that it does include a means of starting the engine from the 12V battery alone, in the event that the traction battery gets completely discharged. As I recall, they made it sound like a traditional starter motor, which of course it would never use normally, but perhaps it’s actually just a means of driving MG1 from the 12V.

    When I get a chance to read again in the owner’s manual, probably later today, I’ll quote it here, if I find it...


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  8. jdenenberg

    jdenenberg EE Professor

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    mr88cet,

    ProdigyPlace is correct. If your HV (Traction) battery is discharged, the 12v battery cannot be used to start the engine. You would need to have the HV battery recharged which requires a high voltage charger.

    JeffD
     
  9. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    OK. I’ll let you folks know how it goes then!
     
  10. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    The 12 volt battery is needed to close the relay to connect the traction battery & the inverter charges the 12 volt battery from the traction battery.
     
  11. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    Yes.


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  12. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    I was not able to find what I remembered seeing in the owner’s manual about having a some sort of a traditional starter motor powered from the 12V in the event that traction battery discharges. Then again, I didn’t look very hard, because I did find several statements that, if the traction battery discharges, you can’t start it, as you pointed out.

    So, no idea where I read (i.e., misread) that from... Again, it was ... like 9 years ago.

    Anyway, I attempted to jump-start it from our Prius Prime (again, it has a traditional 12V battery). Not clear why, but that didn’t work at all: Hooking it up to the P.Prime’s 12V had no effect whatsoever.

    So, I pulled out my 12V battery charger, and changed it from 12V/10A to 12V/2A, and hooked it in. Thankfully, the ammeter immediately showed that it was drawing current. I first tried to power it up after 15ish minutes charging, but that clearly wasn’t enough. So I plugged it in for ... an hour or so, and then was able to start it up. The traction battery was still fine.

    I then drove it around for 10ish minutes or so, and brought it back home. When I shut it off, the water-pump grind (powered by the 12V battery) sounded pretty anemic, so I started it up again, and drove it around for another 15ish minutes or so, and it seems fine now.

    I’ll probably check that it still powers up fine tomorrow, basically to make sure the 12V battery has at least that much retention. That is, see whether it was damaged by discharging. Probably not, but we’ll see.


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  13. Mendel Leisk

    Mendel Leisk Senior Member

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    Could you possibly be thinking of another car? The Civic hybrid had a traditional starter, waiting in the wings. It was used under a couple of conditions, either if the hybrid battery was nearly dead, or ambient temp fell below some threshold. It is a nasty sounding beast, impossible to mistake, from what I've heard. Our 06 did that once or twice, according to my son, when the first battery was on it's last legs.

    Your 12 volt battery is begging you to upgrade to a decent smart charger, lol.
     
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  14. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    Not likely I was thinking of another car, but perhaps what I read it from was thinking of another car.

    Or maybe I’m just an old geezer (56) and fantasized the whole thing!


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  15. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    I remember it sticking in my mind though, because I wasn’t expecting it to have such a provision.

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  16. Prodigyplace

    Prodigyplace Senior Member

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    We heard you the first time LOL
     
  17. dolj

    dolj Senior Member

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    A 15 min + an hour on the charger and two ten minute drives will in no way charge your battery in any meaningful way. Put the battery on charge for 16 - 20 hours. Use the monitoring available on the charger to gauge when it is done. Lead/Acid batteries do not like being discharged.
     
    #17 dolj, Dec 22, 2017
    Last edited: Dec 22, 2017
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  18. dolj

    dolj Senior Member

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    Pardon, what?
     
  19. mr88cet

    mr88cet Senior Member

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    OK, yes, that’s a reasonable point. I probably only charged it up to where it can function, but not full.

    Still, it’s a pretty small battery, right? Do any of you know right off approximately how big it is, in Amp-hours, compared to Traditional car battery?


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  20. dolj

    dolj Senior Member

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    I don't know the figures of a "traditional" car, but the Prius has two flavors in the US 35 Ah for non-SKS, and 45 Ah for SKS.