In the US with similar rules, the right lane is for 2 or more. I have seen highways where buses are are legally permitted to travel the road shoulder.
We have signs too, but this is type is ignored more than any other, perhaps more than all others combined: Drivers doing U-turns on a green light have priority over those turning right on a red light, but not many intersections here have these U-turns, so the ones that do catch many people by surprise. Hence, the warning. My area of the U.S., next to but not in Canada, has both styles in different places. BTW, if Canada is coerced into U.S. statehood, it shouldn't be the 51st. It should be at least numbers 53 through 61, if not more.
In both states where i have been licensed to drive, going back over 50 years, and on the entire Left Coast, passing on the right in a separately marked lane is legal. With this law, left-lane campers don't block the entire width of multi-lane highways. In my licensed states, this has not included passing on the shoulder, or passing within the same lane. Some of the other states above may differ. Re: "When in Rome ..." I.e. while you shouldn't run red lights yourself, you certainly must adapt and make accommodation for those who do.
You mean, the GOP doesn't won't want to allow them Senate and Congressional seats? Just taxation without representation? 8 of the provinces are unquestionably large enough for immediate full statehood, each with their own senators, which of course will be a non-starter with the GOP, which already opposes statehood for DC and PR. The other two provinces just might need to merge to claim critical population mass. The three territories would likely get the same status as the other U.S. minor territories. Canada would also get around 45 Congressional seats, taken away from the first 50 states, upsetting the party balance in a way unacceptable to the GOP.
Many voters in some provinces likely agree with you. In some provinces, ambivalence about their relationship to canadian federal government is pronounced. How new states enter was a matter of substantial domestic negotiation in the 19th century; there's no reason to believe it would be different now. Giving disaffected provinces a good alternative would require the consent of both the province and the US. Puerto Rico provides an example of an association that doesn't bring the unjust taxation and US domestic political issues you recite.