A few engine reassembly questions

We're putting the engine in our 2013 PiP back together with the new head gasket. So far we have the new Toyota HG on, bolts snugged down appropriately, exhaust manifold back on with its new gasket (... boy, was that an adventure to get it back in place with the cylinder head already installed! Very thankful it finally worked), and the EGR system cleaned out -- except that we are still working on the intake manifold. We ended up using Cafiza, which is some pretty strong coffee machine cleaner, then going over things with wires and brushes.

I had a few questions.

1. What's the torque spec on the bolts in the cam carrier, the big ones and also the smaller ones toward the center? Anyone have an FSM or saved info from TIS to check?

2. Are the twin O-rings on the passenger side of the cylinder head supposed to fill up that indentation in the head entirely? I'm working with the Toyota gasket set and the only 2 O-rings that seemed to fit there didn't take up the entire indentation, unlike the other O-rings I've replaced on it.

3. What on earth is this substance? While I was cleaning EGR soot out of the intake manifold, I flipped it over and this stuff started dripping down into it.
And for that matter, how do I clean it all out of the intake?

4. How thorough do I need to be in prepping the water pump attachment point? It looks corroded to me, but the old pump did not leak. We are replacing the water pump when we put it back together.

 

Here are the O-rings in question. You can kinda see the space between the O-ring and the inner metal surface. Or is this just how they behave?

 

That's exactly the torque spec I need, thanks!

Coolant mayo - that's a good way of putting it. Yuck.

We bought this car in known broken condition - previous owner was honest about it overheating, which was not from gradual deterioration but from him removing a coolant line to replace a headlight bulb and forgetting to put it back. The engine compartment showed evidence of coolant spraying everywhere. He had tried adding some coolant but did not say anything about stop leak, nor was there evidence of any stop leak elsewhere.

It has 104k miles. EGR was certainly ready for a cleaning but was not as bad as some of the pictures here of completely jammed EGRs.

The Toyota kit is a big bag of gaskets with basically no explanation. Even the intake and exhaust valve oil seals, which are the same dimensions but are not interchangeable, are not labeled as such. The machine shop that rebuilt the head did not realize this and we had to buy another set of new seals, but to the shop's great credit they agreed to pay for the new Toyota seals and to put the new ones in at no charge. BTW if anyone manages to get into this position, we learned 2 things about it: first, Partsouq is now sending out partial orders (our exhaust seals were NLA from them), and second, getting the entire gasket set via Amayama (where they did have those) would have cost only a bit more than just the seals, and then we'd have had oodles of useful spares.

Yes, we had the same experience with the O-rings appearing large and having to be pressed into the OD of the depression. At first I thought they were too big, but once pressed into place they fit well.