Do Prius track how often you perform maintenance?

welcome!
no. there is a maintenance reminder on the mfd every 5,000 miles that has to be reset. and there is a hidden service menu you can program for your own service schedule.

but the only time a dash light will come on is when something is broken.

 

No way. Car's have maintenance minders, some dead simple odometer counter (like the US Prius, we don't have that even in Canada), some more involved:

Honda's Maintenance Minder, which appears to be monitoring several factors that might effect oil life, and counts it down accordingly. It doesn't just say maintenance due, it also says specificall what's due (really cuts down on dealerships "padding" the maintenance schedule, btw), through codes, letters and numbers, and it's everything that needs doing. B12 for example, would be oil and filter change, rotate tires and change the air filters:


(The above's for a 2010 Pilot, some FWD stuff, btw.)

But, this still is just notification, and when you set it, it's reset. And there's no way the car can tell what you have or haven't done. It might log what notification have been shown in the past, but I very much doubt that too.